More detailed models have more grid cells, so they need more computing power. Grid cell size defines the resolution of the model: the smaller the size of the grid cells, the higher the level of detail in the model. The results of processes modeled in each cell are passed to neighboring cells to model the exchange of matter and energy over time. Building and running a climate model is complex process of identifying and quantifying Earth system processes, representing them with mathematical equations, setting variables to represent initial conditions and subsequent changes in climate forcing, and repeatedly solving the equations using powerful supercomputers.Ĭheck out The Very, Very Simple Climate Model » Climate Model ResolutionĬlimate models separate Earth’s surface into a three-dimensional grid of cells. Climate models, also known as general circulation models or GCMs, use mathematical equations to characterize how energy and matter interact in different parts of the ocean, atmosphere, land. ![]() Image source: NOAA.Ĭlimate models are based on well-documented physical processes to simulate the transfer of energy and materials through the climate system. Repeating the process through many time steps represents the passage of time. Results from each grid cell are passed to neighboring cells, and the equations are solved again. To "run" a model, scientists specify the climate forcing (for instance, setting variables to represent the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere) and have powerful computers solve the equations in each cell. The advanced equations are based on the fundamental laws of physics, fluid motion, and chemistry. ![]() Each of the thousands of 3-dimensional grid cells can be represented by mathematical equations that describe the materials in it and the way energy moves through it. ![]() This image shows the concept used in climate models.
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